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Exfoliated Clay Nanoplatelets as Gelator and Oxidizing Agent for Ionic Liquid Electrolyte to Enhance Photovoltaic Performance of Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells

MRS Online Proceedings Library(2014)

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Abstract
Exfoliated montmorillonite (exMMT) nanoplatelets are a two-dimensional electrolyte carrying ~1.78 dissociable monovalent cations per nanometer square. They were fabricated through soap-free emulsion polymerization of poly(methyl methacrylate) in the presence of MMT. Because the dissociated exMMTs are anionic, they were not only capable of gelatinizing 1-methyl-3-propylimidazolium iodide (MPII) ionic liquid-based electrolyte, but also increased the power conversion efficiency of resulting dye-sensitized solar cell (DSSC) from 6 to 7.77%. Recently, we investigated the ionic conductive mechanism of exMMT-gelled MPII ionic liquid-based electrolyte and found that the exMMTs acted like an oxidizing agent for iodide ions (I − ). As exMMTs were mixed with MPII, I − ions readily oxidized to I 3 − and even to I 5 − ions by losing the electrons. Consequently, the ionic conductivity was significantly increased due to the fact that I − , I 3 − , and I 5 − tended to form redox couples that transported faster by way of the Grothus/exchange reaction process.
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Key words
composite,photovoltaic
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