Estimation Of Wind Energy Resources At Kazakhstan Territory For Autonomous Power Supply Of Low Power Consumers

According to the Kazakh Ministry of Environment Protection potential reserves of renewable energy resources in Kazakhstan are estimated as 12 billion dollars a year. Wind's power characteristics estimated by determining the gross potential, technical potential and economic potential which is defined as the size of annual electric energy receipt from renewables in the region. Therefore calculations are conducted concerning the surface area on which wind plants are supposed to be placed considering interposition of separate plants. At design of autonomous power supply systems based on low powered wind plant it is necessary to determine the specific power and energy not per region area, but per wind wheel's area. For creation of the wind energy resource electronic maps it is necessary to execute the following steps:1. To create climatic characteristics' database based on Kazakh meteorological stations' records.2. To analyze repeatability of wind speed and to prove distribution law.3. To calculate the gross potential of wind energy resources at wind wheel's axis per the set time interval for a plant with 1 m of wind wheel's diameter taking into account all derating factors and distribution law of wind speeds' repeatability.4. To process the obtained data for creation of the wind energy resource electronic maps by Delaunnay triangulation - geometrical analysis method.For creation of the wind energy resource electronic maps for the Kazakhstan territory based on 122 meteorological stations' records the climatic characteristics' database was created. Daily and annual change of average wind speed, the maximum wind speed, power silence period length data are also included in the database. The winds map is constructed from which it is visible that for 85% of the countries territory the average annual wind speed at the height of 10 m makes 3. 5 m/s, for 13% - very light breezes (average annual wind speed less than 3 m/s), and only for 2% of the territory winds with an average annual speed more than 5 m/s are observed. Dependence for processing of wind wheel's optimum working speed by the value of average annual wind speed is received. As the result of climatic data processing for Kazakhstan 5 district types by value of average annual wind speed are defined, for which optimum values of rated wind speed, kinetic energy receipt and specific wind potential in a year per wind wheel's area unit were allocated. Maps for determination of the nominal working wind speed at 10 m of mast height, and wind energy resource maps for Kazakhstan territory at various heights are compiled.