Effect of additions of Ca compounds to the filling powder on the reduction of MgO and the critical current density properties of ex situ processed MgB 2 tapes

We have studied the effect of additions of Ca compounds, CaC2 and CaH2, to the filling powder on the transport critical current density (Jc) properties of ex situ processed MgB2 tapes. These additives are expected to reduce MgO present in as-received commercial MgB2 powder and improve the grain coupling of MgB2 in the tapes. Heat treatment of the hand mixed powders, MgB2 and the Ca compounds, brings about both disappearance of MgB4 and formation of CaB6 and Mg, compared with heat treated MgB2 powder. They are observed much more clearly for the mixtures with CaH2 addition. The MgO content decreases by the additions of those compounds. Neither of the a-axis and the c-axis parameters of MgB2 are changed by the additions, suggesting no reactions of substitutions of Ca for Mg and C for B in MgB2. The Jc properties of the tape samples using the hand mixed filling powder with CaC2 addition degrade, whereas those with CaH2 addition are slightly improved. When using the ball milled mixtures, slight contraction of the a-axis parameter occurs only by CaC2 addition. Although the additions cause the reactions similar to those observed for the hand mixed powders, the MgO content reduces more clearly, compared with the MgB2 content. The Jc properties of the tapes are enhanced in the high-field and low-field regions by the additions of CaC2 and CaH2, respectively. These enhancements are attributed to the carbon substitution, the improved grain coupling and the increased content of MgB2.