Searches for Anisotropies in the Arrival Directions of the Highest Energy Cosmic Rays Detected by the Pierre Auger Observatory

A Aab,Paulo Cesar Abreu,M Aglietta,E J Ahn,I Al Samarai,Ivone F M Albuquerque,I Allekotte,J Allen,P Allison,A Almela,J Alvarez Castillo,J Alvarezmuniz,R Alves Batista,M Ambrosio,A Aminaei,Luis A Anchordoqui,S Andringa,C Aramo, V M Aranda,F Arqueros,H Asorey,P Assis,J Aublin,M Ave,M Avenier,G Avila, Nafiun Awal,A M Badescu, K B Barber,J Baeuml,Colin Baus,J J Beatty,K H Becker,J A Bellido,C Berat,M Bertaina,X Bertou,Peter L Biermann,P Billoir, Simon G Blaess, Manuel B Blanco,C Bleve, H Bluemer,M Bohacova,D Boncioli,C Bonifazi,R Bonino,N Borodai,J Brack,I M Brancus,A Bridgeman,P Brogueira,W C Brown, P Buchholz,A Bueno,S Buitink,M Buscemi,K S Caballeromora, B Caccianiga,L Caccianiga, M Candusso,Laurentiu Caramete,Rachel A Caruso,A Castellina,G Cataldi,L Cazon,R Cester,A G Chavez, A Chiavassa,Jose Chinellato,J Chudoba, M Cilmo,R W Clay,G Cocciolo,Roberta Colalillo,A Coleman,Laura Collica, M R Coluccia, R Conceciao,F Contreras,M J Cooper,A Cordier,S Coutu,C E Covault,James W Cronin,A Curutiu,R Dallier,Bruno Daniel,Sergio Dasso,K Daumiller,Bruce R Dawson,R M De Almeida,M De Domenico,S J De Jong,J R T De Mello Neto,I De Mitri,J De Oliveira,V De Souza,L Del Peral,O Deligny,H Dembinski,N Dhital,C Di Giulio,A Di Matteo,J C Diaz,M L Diaz Castro, F Diogo,C Dobrigkeit, W Docters, J C Dolivo,A Dorofeev, Q Dorosti Hasankiadeh,M T Dova,J Ebr,R Engel,M Erdmann,M Erfani,C Escobar,J Espadanal,A Etchegoyen,P Facal San Luis,H Falcke,Ke Fang,Glennys R Farrar,A C Fauth,N Fazzini,A P Ferguson,Marco Bernardo Cury Fernandes,B E Fick,J M Figueira,A Filevich,A Filipcic,B D Fox,Octavian Fratu, Martin Miguel Freire, U Froehlich, Burkhard Fuchs, Takuya Fujii,R Gaior,Bruce Rafael Mellado Garcia,D Garciagamez,D Garciapinto, G Garilli,A Gascon Bravo, F Gate,H Gemmeke,P L Ghia,U Giaccari,M Giammarchi,M Giller,Christian Glaser,H Glass,M Gomez Berisso,P F Gomez Vitale,P R G Goncalves,Jorge Gonzalez,Norberto C Gonzalez,B Gookin,John C Gordon,A Gorgi,P W Gorham,P Gouffon,S Grebe,N Griffith,A F Grillo,Trent D Grubb,F Guarino,G P Guedes,M Hampel,P H Hansen,D Harari,T A Harrison,S Hartmann,J L Harton, A Haungs, T Hebbeker,D Heck,P Heimann,A Herve,G Hill,C Hojvat,N Hollon, Eugene L Holt,P Homola, J R Hoerandel,Pavel Horvath,Milan Hrabovsky,Dudley A Huber,T Huege,A Insolia,P G Isar, I Jandt,S Jansen,C Jarne,M Josebachuili, A Kaeaepae, Olga Kambeitz, K H Kampert, P A Kasper,I Katkov,B Kegl,B Keilhauer,A Keivani,E Kemp, R M Kieckhafer,H O Klages,M Kleifges,J Kleinfeller,R Krause,N Krohm,O Kroemer,D Kruppkehansen,D Kuempel,N Kunka,Danielle Lahurd,L Latronico,R Lauer,Markus Lauscher,P Lautridou,S Le Coz,M S A B Leao,D Lebrun, P Lebrun,M A Leigui De Oliveira,A Letessierselvon,I Lhenryyvon,K Link, Raul Correa Lopez,K Louedec,J Lozano Bahilo,L Lu,Ariel Maximiliano Lucero,M Ludwig,M Malacari,S Maldera,M Mallamaci,James L Maller,D Mandat, P M Mantsch,A G Mariazzi,V Marin,I C Maris,G Marsella,D Martello, Louis G Martin,H Martinez,O Martinez Bravo,Diane Martraire,J J Masias Meza,H J Mathes,S Mathys,J A J Matthews,G Matthiae,D Maurel,D Maurizio,Eric Mayotte,P O Mazur,C Medina,G Medinatanco,Rebecca Meissner,M Melissas,D Melo,A Menshikov,S Messina,R Meyhandan,S Micanovic,M I Micheletti, Lukas Middendorf,I A Minaya,L Miramonti,B Mitrica,L Molinabueno,Silvia Mollerach,M Monasor,D Monnier Ragaigne,F Montanet,C Morello,Miguel Mostafa,C A Moura,M Muller, Gerhard J Mueller, Stephanie Mueller, M Muenchmeyer,R Mussa,G Navarra,S Navas,P Necesal,L Nellen,A Nelles, J Neuser,Phong H Nguyen,M Niechciol, L Niemietz,Tim Niggemann,Dave F Nitz,D Nosek,Vladimir Novotny,L Nozka,L Ochilo,Foteini Oikonomou,Angela V Olinto, Mario C P Oliveira,Nazaret Pacheco,D Pakk Selmidei,M Palatka,J Pallotta,N Palmieri, P Papenbreer,G Parente,Alejandra Parra,T Paul,M Pech,J Pekala,R Pelayo,I M Pepe,L Perrone,E Petermann, C J Peters,S Petrera,Yu V Petrov, J Phuntsok, R Piegaia,T Pierog,P Pieroni,M Pimenta,V Pirronello,M Platino, M Plum, A Porcelli, C Porowski,Raul Ribeiro Prado,P Privitera,M Prouza,V Purrello,E J Quel,S Querchfeld,Samuel N Quinn,J Rautenberg,O Ravel,D Ravignani,B Revenu,J Ridky,S Riggi,M Risse,P Ristori,V Rizi,W Rodrigues De Carvalho,G Rodriguez Fernandez,J Rodriguez Rojo,M D Rodriguezfrias, D Rogozin,G Ros,Jander Fagundes Rosado,T Rossler,M Roth,Esteban Roulet,A C Rovero, Steven J Saffi,A Saftoiu,F Salamida,H Salazar, Andreas Saleh,F Salesa Greus,G Salina, Francisca Javiela Munoz Sanchez,P Sanchezlucas,C E Santo,E M Santos,F Sarazin,Biswaijt Sarkar,Renato Almeida Sarmento,R Sato,N Scharf,V Scherini,H Schieler,P Schiffer,D Schmidt,O Scholten,H Schoorlemmer,P Schovanek,Friedhelm Schroeder, Andreas S Schulz,J Schulz, J W Schumacher,S J Sciutto,A Segreto,M Settimo,A Shadkam,R C Shellard,I Sidelnik,Gunter Sigl,O Sima,A Smialkowski,R Smida, G R Snow,Paul Sommers,J Sorokin,R Squartini, Y N Srivastava,S Stanic,Jack T Stapleton,J Stasielak,M Stephan,A Stutz,F Suarez, T Suomijaervi,A D Supanitsky,M S Sutherland,J E Swain,Z Szadkowski,M Szuba, O A Taborda,A Tapia,A Tepe, V M Theodoro,C Timmermans,C J Todero Peixoto,G Toma, Lenka Tomankova,B Tome,A Tonachini,G Torralba Elipe,D Torres Machado,P Travnicek,E Trovato,Ralf Ulrich,Michael Unger,Marcel Urban,J F Valdes Galicia,I Valino,L Valore,G Van Aar,P Van Bodegom,A M Van Den Berg,S Van Velzen,A Van Vliet,Eduardo Sousa Varela,B Vargas Cardenas,G Varner,J R Vazquez,R A Vazquez,D Veberic,V Verzi,J Vicha,M Videla, L Villase Nor, Brian Vlcek,S Vorobiov,Hernan Wahlberg,O Wainberg,D Walz,Alan Watson, Michel J Weber,Klaus Weidenhaupt,A Weindl,Frederick W Werner,A Widom,L Wiencke, B Wilczynska,H Wilczynski,C Williams,T Winchen, D Wittkowski,B Wundheiler, S Wykes,Tetsuya Yamamoto,T Yapici,Guohua Yuan,A N Yushkov,B Zamorano,E Zas,D Zavrtanik,M Zavrtanik,A Zepeda,Jie Zhou, Yuao Zhu,M Zimbres Silva,M Ziolkowski, F P Zuccarello

ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL（2015）

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摘要

We analyze the distribution of arrival directions of ultra-high-energy cosmic rays recorded at the Pierre Auger Observatory in 10 years of operation. The data set, about three times larger than that used in earlier studies, includes arrival directions with zenith angles up to 80 degrees, thus covering from -90 degrees to +45 degrees in declination. After updating the fraction of events correlating with the active galactic nuclei (AGNs) in the Veron-Cetty and Veron catalog, we subject the arrival directions of the data with energies in excess of 40 EeV to different tests for anisotropy. We search for localized excess fluxes, self-clustering of event directions at angular scales up to 30 degrees, and different threshold energies between 40 and 80 EeV. We then look for correlations of cosmic rays with celestial structures both in the Galaxy (the Galactic Center and Galactic Plane) and in the local universe (the Super-Galactic Plane). We also examine their correlation with different populations of nearby extragalactic objects: galaxies in the 2MRS catalog, AGNs detected by Swift-BAT, radio galaxies with jets, and the Centaurus A (Cen A) galaxy. None of the tests show statistically significant evidence of anisotropy. The strongest departures from isotropy (post-trial probability similar to 1.4%) are obtained for cosmic rays with E > 58 EeV in rather large windows around Swift AGNs closer than 130 Mpc and brighter than 10(44) erg s(-1) (18 degrees radius), and around the direction of Cen A (15 degrees radius).

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acceleration of particles,astroparticle physics

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