The application of Vollenweider's eutrophication models for assessing ecosystem health: Hamilton Harbour (Lake Ontario) example

This note is motivated by the classical Vollenweider eutrophication models which were instrumental in the phosphorus abatement provisions of the Great Lakes Water Quality Agreement. The models were revisited as a tool for assessing the ecosystem health of Areas of Concern in terms of Beneficial Use Impairments and potential recovery. The models indicated that Hamilton Harbour is a hyper-eutrophic environment in spite of continued phosphorus abatement management efforts. The utility and potential of these models have been demonstrated and recommended for application not only in Areas of Concern, but also other stressed environments.