Bioactivity of a Calcium Silicate–based Endodontic Cement (BioRoot RCS): Interactions with Human Periodontal Ligament Cells In Vitro

•This work was designed to study the interactions of newly developed tricalcium silicate cement (BioRoot RCS) with apical tissue compared with a standard zinc oxide–eugenol sealer (Pulp Canal Sealer).•A simulation of the interactions that occur in vivo between these materials and periodontal ligament cells was reproduced. Root canals of extracted human incisors were prepared and filled with the lateral condensation technique. The root apices were dipped in the culture medium. These conditioned media were used to investigate their effects on human periodontal ligament cell proliferation and secretion of angiogenic and osteogenic growth factors.•Tricalcium silicate material is not cytotoxic and induces angiogenic and osteogenic growth factors secretion. Based on these properties, BioRoot appears suitable for root filling although other physical characteristics need to be investigated.