Research on Location Feedback Based DV-Hop Localization Algorithm

In wireless sensor networks (WSNs), estimation of the location of the unknown node based on the average hop distance is an important research problem for range free localization algorithm. As one of the range free algorithm, DV-Hop chooses the average hop distance comes from the nearest beacon, can't reflect the real status of WSNs. We observe that the unknown node can achieve the precise location when one feedback channels are built between the unknown node and the beacons which embedded accurate location. Based on this observation, we propose one improved DV-Hop localization algorithm based on feedback mechanism (FDV-Hop). Using DV-Hop, the unknown node achieves the estimated location, and broadcasts its average hop distance to the beacons. The beacons also use DV-Hop to calculate their location based on the average hop distance from the unknown node. Then the beacons calculate the difference between the estimated location and the real location, and send the difference between them to unknown node with weights setting. The unknown node recalculates its location which involving the difference of location and the weights. The simulation shows that FDV-Hop can reduce the average localization error effectively and keep the localization stable.