Costs of land degradation and benefits of land restoration: A review of valuation methods and suggested frameworks for inclusion into policy-making

Review Methodology: We started off from existing reports on land degradation and ecosystem valuations [1, 2]. We also reviewed existing economic reviews by Nkonya et al. [3], Adhikari and Nadella [4], Requier-Desjardins [5] and Requier-Desjardins et al. [6]. In addition, we searched the following database and journals: Google Scholar, Land Degradation and Development, Journal of Agricultural and Resource Economics, Journal of Environmental Economics and Management, Environmental and Resource Economics, Ecological Economics (keyword search terms used: land degradation, cost of land degradation, economic valuation, economic valuation and developing country, payments for ecosystem services, payments for ecosystem services and developing countries). We used the references from the articles obtained by this method to check for additional relevant material. We also spoke to colleagues and checked for any upcoming studies not yet published.