Body Sway Control And Visual Influence During Quiet Upright Standing

upright stance is important to other complex motions like locomotion and running for human beings. The mechanism of balance-keeping control in upright standing is still unknown. This study was conducted to analyze the body sway by using a simple PID (proportional, integral, derivative) control model and to investigate the influence of vision on its gains. Ten healthy subjects took part in the study. The upright body was modeled as one-link inversed pendulum model. While determining the model parameters according to subject's physical statue, the gain of PID parameters, (K-P, K-D, K-I are gains of proportion, derivative, and integral respectively.) could be estimated. Four kinds of visual patterns, (three for central visual field stimulation, one is eyes closed) were designed for visual stimulation. The results showed that the gain of KD was decreased significantly in eyes closed (131.5 +/- 37.6 Nms/rad in eyes open and 90.4 +/- 26.0 Nms/rad in eyes closed, p < 0.001), and, K-P, K-I were not changed. The results suggested that the PID control model was a promising means for individual balance ability analysis and that the visual effect on balance-keeping control in upright standing was analogized to a damper in the mechanical system.