Sustainable concrete development towards the eco-friendly construction: Enhancing the strength and durability by using fly ash and silica fume

The cement industry is the primary source of environmental pollution as it intakes a huge amount of energy in the production and releases a lot of CO2, which contributes to global warming. To reduce the use of cement for energy consumption, the use of supplementary cementitious materials (SCMs) like Fly ash (FA) and Silica fume (SF) in concrete is an interesting solution. FA and SF-based construction materials offer a lot of potential as alternatives to ordinary portland cement (OPC) because of their high performance and environmental friendliness. The present investigation is focused on the development of sustainable concrete using FA and SF as SCMs. Two binary mixes were developed by using FA and SF. The FA was substituted at 20