Luminescent Behavior of Ru(II) Polypyridyl Morpholine Complexes, Synthesis, Characterization, DNA, Protein Binding, Sensor Effect of Ions/Solvents and Docking Studies

New three ruthenium (II) polypyridyl complexes [Ru(phen) 2 mpip] 2+ (1) {mpip = 2-(4-morpholinophenyl)-1 H -imidazo[4,5-f][1,10]phenanthroline}, (phen = 1,10-Phenanthrolene), [Ru(bpy) 2 mpip] 2+ (2) (bpy = 2,2’bipyridyl), [Ru(dmb) 2 mpip] 2+ (3) (dmb = 4, 4-dimethyl 2, 2’-bipyridine) have been synthesized and characterized by spectral studies IR, UV–vis, 1 H, 13 C-NMR, mass and elemental analysis. The binding properties of these three complexes towards calf-thymus DNA (CT-DNA) have been investigated by UV–Vis spectroscopy, different fluorescence methods and viscosity measurements, indicating that all the complexes bind to CT-DNA by means of intercalation, but with different binding affinities. Sensor effect of ions/solvents and BSA (Bovine Serum Albumin) binding studies of these complexes were also studied. Docking studies also reveals that complexes will bind in between base pairs (Intercalate) of DNA and gives information about the binding strength.