Observation of Transverse Spin-Dependent Azimuthal Correlations of Charged Pion Pairs in p^{↑}+p at sqrt[s]=200 GeV.

Adamczyk L,Adkins J K,Agakishiev G,Aggarwal M M, Ahammed Z,Alekseev I,Alford J,Aparin A,Arkhipkin D,Aschenauer E C,Averichev G S,Banerjee A,Bellwied R,Bhasin A,Bhati A K,Bhattarai P,Bielcik J, Bielcikova J,Bland L C,Bordyuzhin I G,Bouchet J,Brandin A V,Bunzarov I,Burton T P,Butterworth J,Caines H,Calderón de la Barca Sánchez M,Campbell J M, Cebra D,Cervantes M C,Chakaberia I,Chaloupka P,Chang Z,Chattopadhyay S,Chen J H,Chen X,Cheng J,Cherney M,Christie W,Contin G,Crawford H J,Das S,De Silva L C,Debbe R R,Dedovich T G,Deng J,Derevschikov A A,di Ruzza B,Didenko L,Dilks C, Dong X,Drachenberg J L,Draper J E,Du C M,Dunkelberger L E,Dunlop J C,Efimov L G,Engelage J,Eppley G, Esha R,Evdokimov O,Eyser O,Fatemi R,Fazio S,Federic P,Fedorisin J,Feng Z,Filip P,Fisyak Y,Flores C E, Fulek L,Gagliardi C A,Garand D,Geurts F,Gibson A,Girard M,Greiner L,Grosnick D,Gunarathne D S,Guo Y,Gupta S,Gupta A,Guryn W,Hamad A,Hamed A,Haque R, Harris J W,He L, Heppelmann S, Hirsch A,Hoffmann G W,Hofman D J,Horvat S,Huang B,Huang X,Huang H Z,Huck P, Humanic T J,Igo G,Jacobs W W,Jang H,Jiang K,Judd E G, Kabana S,Kalinkin D,Kang K,Kauder K,Ke H W,Keane D,Kechechyan A,Khan Z H,Kikola D P,Kisel I,Kisiel A,Kochenda L,Koetke D D,Kollegger T,Kosarzewski L K,Kraishan A F,Kravtsov P,Krueger K,Kulakov I,Kumar L,Kycia R A,Lamont M A C, Landgraf J M,Landry K D, Lauret J, Lebedev A,Lednicky R,Lee J H,Li X,Li C,Li W,Li Z M,Li Y,Li X,Lisa M A, Liu F,Ljubicic T,Llope W J,Lomnitz M,Longacre R S,Luo X,Ma Y G,Ma G L,Ma L,Ma R,Magdy N,Majka R,Manion A,Margetis S, Markert C,Masui H,Matis H S,McDonald D, Meehan K,Minaev N G,Mioduszewski S,Mohanty B,Mondal M M, Morozov D,Mustafa M K,Nandi B K,Nasim Md,Nayak T K,Nigmatkulov G, Nogach L V,Noh S Y,Novak J,Nurushev S B,Odyniec G,Ogawa A,Oh K,Okorokov V, Olvitt D,Page B S,Pak R,Pan Y X,Pandit Y,Panebratsev Y,Pawlik B,Pei H,Perkins C,Peterson A,Pile P,Planinic M,Pluta J,Poljak N,Poniatowska K,Porter J,Posik M,Poskanzer A M,Pruthi N K,Putschke J,Qiu H,Quintero A,Ramachandran S, Raniwala R,Raniwala S,Ray R L,Ritter H G,Roberts J B,Rogachevskiy O V,Romero J L,Roy A,Ruan L,Rusnak J,Rusnakova O,Sahoo N R,Sahu P K,Sakrejda I,Salur S,Sandweiss J,Sarkar A,Schambach J,Scharenberg R P,Schmah A M,Schmidke W B,Schmitz N,Seger J,Seyboth P,Shah N,Shahaliev E,Shanmuganathan P V, Shao M,Sharma M K,Sharma B,Shen W Q,Shi S S,Shou Q Y,Sichtermann E P, Sikora R,Simko M,Skoby M J,Smirnov D,Smirnov N, Song L,Sorensen P,Spinka H M,Srivastava B,Stanislaus T D S,Stepanov M,Stock R,Strikhanov M,Stringfellow B,Sumbera M, Summa B,Sun X,Sun Z,Sun X M,Sun Y,Surrow B, Svirida N,Szelezniak M A,Tang A H,Tang Z,Tarnowsky T, Tawfik A N,Thomas J H,Timmins A R,Tlusty D,Tokarev M,Trentalange S,Tribble R E,Tribedy P, Tripathy S K, Trzeciak B A,Tsai O D,Ullrich T,Underwood D G, Upsal I,Van Buren G,van Nieuwenhuizen G,Vandenbroucke M,Varma R,Vasiliev A N,Vertesi R,Videbæk F,Viyogi Y P,Vokal S,Voloshin S A,Vossen A, Wang G, Wang Y, Wang F, Wang Y,Wang H,Wang J S,Webb J C,Webb G,Wen L,Westfall G D,Wieman H,Wissink S W,Witt R,Wu Y F,Xiao Z G,Xie W,Xin K,Xu Q H,Xu Z,Xu H,Xu N, Xu Y F,Yang Q,Yang Y,Yang S,Yang Y,Yang C,Ye Z,Yepes P,Yi L,Yip K,Yoo I-K,Yu N,Zbroszczyk H,Zha W,Zhang X P, Zhang J,Zhang Y, Zhang J,Zhang J B,Zhang S,Zhang Z,Zhao J,Zhong C,Zhou L,Zhu X,Zoulkarneeva Y,Zyzak M, Null Null

PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS（2015）

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摘要

We report the observation of transverse polarization-dependent azimuthal correlations in charged pion pair production with the STAR experiment in p(up arrow) + p collisions at RHIC. These correlations directly probe quark transversity distributions. We measure signals in excess of 5 standard deviations at high transverse momenta, at high pseudorapidities eta > 0.5, and for pair masses around the mass of the rho meson. This is the first direct transversity measurement in p + p collisions.

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关键词

Pion,Meson,Pair production,Nucleon,Quark,Quantum chromodynamics,Spin-½,Transverse plane,Nuclear physics,Particle physics,Physics

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