Influence of gravity upon some facial signs.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF COSMETIC SCIENCE(2015)
Abstract
ObjectivesFacial clinical signs and their integration are the basis of perception than others could have from ourselves, noticeably the age they imagine we are. Facial modifications in motion and their objective measurements before and after application of skin regimen are essential to go further in evaluation capacities to describe efficacy in facial dynamics. Quantification of facial modifications vis a vis gravity will allow us to answer about control' of facial shape in daily activities. MethodsStandardized photographs of the faces of 30 Caucasian female subjects of various ages (24-73year) were successively taken at upright and supine positions within a short time interval. All these pictures were therefore reframed - any bias due to facial features was avoided when evaluating one single sign - for clinical quotation by trained experts of several facial signs regarding published standardized photographic scales. ResultsFor all subjects, the supine position increased facial width but not height, giving a more fuller appearance to the face. More importantly, the supine position changed the severity of facial ageing features (e.g. wrinkles) compared to an upright position and whether these features were attenuated or exacerbated depended on their facial location. Supine station mostly modifies signs of the lower half of the face whereas those of the upper half appear unchanged or slightly accentuated. These changes appear much more marked in the older groups, where some deep labial folds almost vanish. These alterations decreased the perceived ages of the subjects by an average of 3.8 years. ConclusionAlthough preliminary, this study suggests that a 90 degrees rotation of the facial skin vis a vis gravity induces rapid rearrangements among which changes in tensional forces within and across the face, motility of interstitial free water among underlying skin tissue and/or alterations of facial Langer lines, likely play a significant role. Resume ObjectifLes signes cliniques du visage et leur integration sont a la base de la perception que les autres ont de notre personne notamment l'idee qu'ils se font de notre age. Les modifications du visage en mouvement et leurs mesures objectives avant et apres application de cosmetiques dans des conditions d'usage sont ainsi essentielles pour franchir une etape dans l'evaluation afin de se colleter a la dynamique du visage. La quantification des modes de deformations de la face vis-a-vis de la gravite nous permet de repondre a la problematique de controle' de la forme et de l'apparence de son visage en toutes circonstances quotidiennes. MethodesDes cliches standardises ont ete realises sur 30 volontaires Caucasiennes agees de 24 a 73 ans. La specificite de ces prises de vue fut de realiser la premiere en position debout et la seconde apres un tres court laps de temps en position couchee. Ces photos de visage de face ont ensuite ete recadrees sur chaque signe clinique definis par des echelles photographiques prealablement publiees pour etre scorees par un panel de 15 experts entraines sans induire de biais du a l'apparence globale du visage. ResultatsChez tous les sujets, la position allongee induit une augmentation de la largeur faciale, non sa hauteur, donnant une impression d'un visage davantage rebondi'. Plus important, la position allongee, comparee a la position debout, modifie la severite de certains signes faciaux (rides par ex) selon leur localisation. La position allongee modifie surtout les signes faciaux du bas du visage, ceux de la partie superieure restant inchanges, voire ameliores. Ces modifications sont d'autant plus marquees chez les groupes les plus ages que certains signes disparaissent presque en position allongee. Ces modifications diminuent en moyenne la perception de l'age des sujets, d'environ 3.8 ans. ConclusionBien que preliminaire cette etude permet de quantifier de maniere objective l'impact du mouvement du corps vis-a-vis de la gravite sur les signes cliniques et demontre l'interet d'evaluer differemment les traitements anti-age. Ces travaux suggerent qu'une rapide rotation spatiale de 90 degrees induit des rearrangements brefs de certains facteurs tels que les forces internes et transversales de la peau du visage, la mobilite de l'eau interstitielle incluse dans les tissus cutanes profonds et/ou des modifications des lignes de Langer.
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Key words
apparent age,clinical signs,gravity,movement
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