Diagnosis and treatment of cytomegalovirus 2013.

Purpose of review Despite significant improvements in the management of patients undergoing allogeneic stem cell transplantation, including anticytomegalovirus (CMV) prophylaxis and treatment, clinical handling of CMV infection remains challenging in the light of high morbidity and mortality rates. Thus, novel strategies and agents to control CMV infection and disease will be discussed. Recent findings Novel assays to quantify viral load and detect antiviral resistance mechanisms on the basis of next-generation sequencing have been described and will help to earlier and more effectively control CMV infection. In addition, safer and more effective antiviral agents are now available and strategies to boost the CMV-directed immune responses are being explored in the clinic. Summary Novel diagnostic tests, novel agents and the increased understanding of the immune response to CMV have and will have a major impact on improving the management of CMV infection in hematological patients.