Secretomes are a potential source of molecular targets for cancer therapies and indicate that APOE is a candidate biomarker for lung adenocarcinoma metastasis

Identifying patients at high risk of metastasis is a major challenge in lung adenocarcinoma (ADC) therapy, therefore discovery of noninvasive biomarkers and therapeutic targets is urgent. We found significant differences between the secretomes of differentially expressed proteins in lung ADC cell lines, clinical tissue samples and serum plasma samples with high and low metastatic potential. In particular, Apolipoprotein E (APOE) levels were three-times greater in cells with lymph node metastases (LNM) than those without. Our study indicates that APOE is a potential indicator of metastatic lung ADC and that secretomes may offer a valuable resource for biomarkers of lung ADC with LNM.