Global and gene-specific DNA methylation pattern discriminates cholecystitis from gallbladder cancer patients in Chile.

Aim: The aim of the study was to evaluate the use of global and gene-specific DNA methylation changes as potential biomarkers for gallbladder cancer (GBC) in a cohort from Chile. Material & methods: DNA methylation was analyzed through an ELISA-based technique and quantitative methylation-specific PCR. Results: Global DNA Methylation Index (p = 0.02) and promoter methylation of SSBP2 (p = 0.01) and ESR1 (p = 0.05) were significantly different in GBC when compared with cholecystitis. Receiver curve operator analysis revealed promoter methylation of APC, CDKN2A, ESR1, PGP9.5 and SSBP2, together with the Global DNA Methylation Index, had 71% sensitivity, 95% specificity, a 0.97 area under the curve and a positive predictive value of 90%. Conclusion: Global and gene-specific DNA methylation may be useful biomarkers for GBC clinical assessment.