Inhibition of platelet activation could decrease thrombotic events in hemodialysis PF4/H antibody-positive patients.

Background: Platelet factor 4/heparin (PF4/H) antibody detection is widely used to evaluate the risk of thrombosis in patients undergoing hemodialysis (HD). Most patients who are PF4/H-antibody-positive can survive thrombosis, but the reason has not been clarified. In addition, no valid preventive methods for thrombosis in patients undergoing HD have been confirmed. Methods: A single-center, semi-randomized controlled study was designed. In total, 157 patients fulfilled the inclusion criteria and participated. Patients were first divided according to PF4/H antibody detection and then subdivided randomly according to different anti-platelet agent descriptions. Results: (1) PF4/H antibody-positive patients suffered a significantly higher incidence of thrombosis than those who were antibody-negative; (2) PF4/H antibody-positive patients who survived a thrombosis manifested a significantly longer bleeding time and decreased maximum percentage of platelet aggregation inhibition; (3) aspirin and clopidogrel decreased the incidence of thrombosis in PF4/H antibody-positive patients by inhibiting platelet activation. Conclusion: The PF4/H antibody was effective for prediction of the risk of thrombosis, except in patients with dysfunctional platelets; aspirin manifested effects similar to clopidogrel in terms of prevention of thromboses in PF4/H antibody-positive patients, but costs much less and is therefore recommended.