Comparison of patterns and strength of adult attachment in patients with Axis I, Axis I+II disorders and a community sample.

Background: Adult attachment patterns influence the quality of close relationships, and they are therefore important for treatment planning in psychiatry. Aim: This study compares the patterns and strength of adult attachment in patients with Axis I, Axis I = II disorders and individuals of a general population sample. Methods: Patients were recruited from a psychiatric outpatient clinic, 72 with Axis I disorders and 72 with Axis I = II disorders. The patients and a normative community sample (n = 437) filled in the Experiences in Close Relationships questionnaire. Results: The proportion of insecure attachment differed significantly between all groups: 40% in the community sample, 64% in the Axis I group and 90% in the Axis I = II group. On the dimensional anxiety and avoidance subscales, a similar significant gradient was observed related to the strength of attachment. Conclusion: A definite gradient was observed concerning patterns and strength of attachment in relation to the severity of psychopathology.