Rats perinatally exposed to food restriction and high-fat diet show differences in adipose tissue gene expression under chronic caloric restriction.

The aim of this study is to analyze how maternal diet during the lactational period influences the adipose tissue response to chronic caloric restriction in offspring. Lactating dams were subjected to one of three treatments: 50% food restriction (FR), ad lib standard chow (AL), or ad lib high-fat diet (HF). Juveniles were first weaned onto standard chow, then in adulthood 50% calorically restricted and maintained at 90% of normal body weight for 60 d. HF animals showed increased percent body fat compared with AL and FR animals despite equivalent body weights. HF animals showed alterations in the balance of adipose tissue lipogenic (FAS, LPL) and lipolytic (HSL) gene expression that may underlie their propensity to maintain fat stores under caloric restriction.