The prevalence of presarcopenia in Asian Indian individuals with and without type 2 diabetes.

OBJECTIVE:This study compared the skeletal muscle mass and prevalence of presarcopenia between Asian Indian individuals with and without type 2 diabetes. SUBJECTS AND METHODS:Participants with type 2 diabetes (n=76) and age- and sex-matched controls without diabetes (n=76) were drawn from the Chennai Urban Rural Epidemiological Study (CURES), which was carried out on a representative sample of Chennai City in South India. Skeletal muscle mass was estimated by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry, and skeletal muscle mass index (SMI) was calculated by dividing the appendicular skeletal muscle mass by the square of the individual's height in meters and expressed as kg/m(2). Presarcopenia was defined as an SMI of ≤7.26 kg/m(2) for males and ≤5.5 kg/m(2) for females. Biochemical and anthropometric measurements were done using standardized procedures. RESULTS:The 152 participants included 68 women (44.7%). Mean age was 44±9 years (range, 28-67 years), and the mean body mass index (BMI) was 25.7±3.8 kg/m(2). The prevalence rates of presarcopenia among individuals with and without diabetes were 39.5% and 15.8%, respectively (P=0.001). The mean SMI values were significantly lower in those with diabetes (6.84±1.02 kg/m(2)) compared with participants without diabetes (7.28±1.01 kg/m(2)) (P=0.009). SMI showed a positive correlation with BMI and waist circumference but a negative correlation with age, fasting plasma glucose, glycated hemoglobin, and low-density lipoprotien cholesterol in the total study population. Logistic regression analysis showed that diabetes was independently associated with presarcopenia (P=0.001). CONCLUSIONS:Prevalence of presarcopenia is higher among Asian Indian subjects with type 2 diabetes compared with age- and sex-matched participants without diabetes.