Design and development of highly efficient PbS quantum dot-sensitized solar cells working in an aqueous polysulfide electrolyte.

PbS quantum dot-sensitized solar cells (QDSCs) with a photovoltaic conversion efficiency (eta) of 5.73% have been fabricated by applying Au/CuS/ FTO as a counter electrode (CE), post-annealing the deposited PbS QDs, and introducing the bilayered TiO2 nanostructure as a photoanode.