Septic arthritis in the setting of HIV disease. A case report and literature review]

A case of septic arthritis due to Haemophilus influenzae is described in a HIV-infected patient. Even though complicated by large effusion and extensive subcutaneous involvement, the clinical picture showed a favourable outcome after prolonged ceftriaxone treatment, leading to complete cure. The case report is discussed with respect to both other bacterial complications caused by H. influenzae in the setting of HIV disease, and the broad aetiological spectrum of HIV-associated acute arthritis. In particular, no other cases of H. influenzae purulent arthritis have been described until now in patients with HIV disease, at our best knowledge.