CD8+ clonality is associated with prolonged acute plasma viremia and altered mRNA cytokine profiles during the course of feline immunodeficiency virus infection.
Veterinary Immunology and Immunopathology(2013)
摘要
Acute lentiviral infection is characterized by early CD8+ cytotoxic T cell (CTL) activity and a subsequent decline in plasma viremia. However, CD8+ lymphocytes fail to eliminate the virus and a progressive T cell immune dysfunction develops during the course of chronic lentiviral infection. To further define this CD8+ immune dysfunction we utilized PARR (PCR for antigen receptor rearrangements), a technique which measures clonally expanded lymphocyte populations by comparison of highly conserved T cell receptor (TCR) regions to identify the prevalence of clonal CD8+ T cells following FIV infection. We then compared phenotype, mRNA profiles, CD8+ proliferation and plasma viremia during acute and chronic infection for PARR positive (PARR+) and PARR negative (PARR−) Feline Immunodeficiency Virus (FIV) infected cats. We demonstrated that approximately forty percent of the FIV+ cats examined exhibit CD8+ clonality compared to none of the FIV− control cats. There were no phenotypic differences between PARR+ and PARR− CD8+ lymphocytes from FIV+ cats but retrospective analysis of plasma viremia over the course of infection revealed a delayed peak in plasma viremia and a decline in lymphocyte counts were observed in the PARR+ group during acute infection. CD8+ lymphocytes isolated from chronically infected PARR− cats exhibited significantly higher mRNA expression of IFN-γ and IL-2 following mitogenic stimulation when compared to PARR+ CD8+ lymphocytes. These data suggest that clonal CD8+ expansion may be related to impaired control of acute viremia and less effective CD8+ anti-viral function. Using PARR to assess changes in CD8+ clonality during the progression from acute to chronic FIV infection may help to better characterize the factors which contribute to CD8+ anergy and lentiviral persistence.
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关键词
PARR,FIV,LCMV,SIV,TGFbRII,PI,PrI,SI,PLN
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