Clinical symptoms and diagnostic imaging in moyamoya disease]

Presentation of typical imaging findings and diagnostic approaches in patients suspected of moyamoya disease.Two female patients (24 resp. 44 years old) presenting with equivocal neurological symptoms (headache, recurrent monoparesis, choreiformic ataxia, grand mal seizure) were examined by means of colour-coded ultrasound, selective catheter-based angiography (DSA), CT and MRI including MR angiography.Cranial CT and MRI showed normal findings in one patient, and focal cerebral infarctions of different age in the other. In both cases, colour-coded ultrasound was indicative in detecting occlusive disease of the internal carotid arteries. Both, MR angiography as well as catheter-based angiography revealed the pathology of the culprid vessel, in addition catheter-based angiography was more accurate in depicting moyamoya collaterals at the skull base.In moyamoya disease colour-coded ultrasound is diagnostic for the lesion of the internal carotid artery, MRI resp. MRA depict the vascular and parenchymal lesion, whereas catheter-based DSA by providing information about the main vessel and collateral system allows the staging of the disease.