Uric acid and the prevention of renal and cardiovascular disease in CKD]

Uric acid is an end product of the purine metabolism. The total production is about 700-900 mg/day. Two thirds are eliminated by the kidney; the total amount delivered is about 6-12% of the filtered uric acid. Also fructose raises the uric acid concentration as a result of the activation of fructokinase with ATP consumption and stimulation of AP deaminase. Several studies have demonstrated that uric acid plays a role in renal and cardiovascular disease but none of these studies evaluated its real role as an independent risk factor. Despite studies to find an answer, the current evidence still cannot definitively prove or refute the hypothesis that a high uric acid level can directly induce chronic renal injury.