A global transcriptome analysis of a dog model of congestive heart failure with the human genome as a reference.

The global molecular changes in cardiac tissue during congestive heart failure (CHF) have not been fully examined. Transcriptome analysis with the use of next-generation sequencers is a useful tool for elucidating the pathogenesis of CHF. Although there are some advantages in a dog CHF model, transcriptome analyses in dogs are limited by the relative lack of genomic information.The transcriptome analysis of hearts from dogs with CHF was conducted with the use of a genome analyzer and the Casava software. The mRNA sequence reads showed alignments with ∼800 of 1,019 genes from the dog reference database. On the other hand, the reads aligned with ∼15,000 of the 21,407 genes in the hg19 human reference database. The correlation of expressed genes was extremely high (r = 0.93; P < .0001) between the dog and human databases. A pathway analysis using the hg19 reference revealed increased expression of p53 pathway-related (P < 10(-10)) and inflammatory interleukin-related (P < 10(-10)) genes in the CHF model.The use of the human genome as a reference in global transcriptome analyses of dogs is a useful approach for investigating diseases such as CHF. Such an approach would also be useful for analyzing disease models in other experimental animals.