Long-term outcomes and prognostic factors in patients treated with intraoperatively planned prostate brachytherapy.

Evaluate outcomes and prognostic factors in men with localized prostate cancer.A total of 3760 patients have undergone prostate seed implantation at our institution. This review is of our initial 304 consecutive patients treated before January 30, 2001. A total of 124 patients were treated with (125)I implant monotherapy and 180 with (103)Pd implant combined with 45-Gy external beam radiation therapy.The median followup was 10.3 years. A 10-year biochemical control for low risk (LR) was 98% , intermediate risk (IR) 94%, high risk (HR) 78%, and HR with one HR factor 88% (p < 0.001); cause-specific survival was 99%, 98%, and 84% for LR, IR, and HR, respectively (p < 0.001); No significant difference in outcome was seen for LR and IR patients (p > 0.3). On multivariate analysis, only pretreatment PSA, Gleason score, and T-stage were significant for biochemical control. Most biochemical failures occurred within 5 years (93%).With a minimum followup of 10 years, results are excellent and do not differ for LR or IR prostate cancer patients. HR patients are a very heterogeneous group, and excellent results can still be achieved for HR patients with only one HR feature.