Prostaglandins, not the leukotrienes, regulate Cl(-)/HCO(3)(-) exchange (DRA, SLC26A3) in villus cells in the chronically inflamed rabbit ileum.

Previously studies have demonstrated that Cl−/HCO3− exchange was inhibited during chronic intestinal inflammation secondary to decrease in the affinity of the exchanger for Cl− rather than the number of transporters. Arachidonic acid metabolites (AAM) are elevated in the mucosa of the chronically inflamed small intestine. However, their role in the alteration of Cl−/HCO3− during chronic enteritis was unknown. Inhibition of AAM formation with arachidonyl trifluoro methylketone (ATMK) in chronically inflamed rabbit intestine reversed the diminished Cl−/HCO3− exchange activity. Kinetics studies showed that the reversal was secondary to restoration of the altered affinity of transporter. Downstream regulation of Cl−/HCO3− inhibition by AAM was determined to be by the cyclooxygenase pathway since only inhibition of cyclooxygenase with piroxicam treatment reversed the inhibited Cl−/HCO3− exchange. Further, DRA was shown to be the primary Cl−/HCO3− exchanger in villus cells. Kinetics and molecular studies indicated that the mechanism of inhibition of Cl−/HCO3− exchange by cyclooxygenase pathway metabolites was secondary to diminished affinity of the transporter for Cl− without a change in DRA BBM expression. Thus our data indicated that cyclooxygenase pathway metabolites mediate the inhibition of DRA during chronic intestinal inflammation.