Clubfoot in children.

Clubfoot, or talipes equinovarus, is a deformity consisting of equinus, varus, and adductus foot deformity. The true etiology of congenital clubfoot is unknown; several theories have been proposed. The pathology of the individual bones contributes to the clubfoot deformity and soft tissue contractures around the ankle and talocalcaneonavicular joint maintains the deformity and involve muscles, tendons, tendon sheaths, ligaments and joint capsules. Various treatment regimens have been proposed, including the use of corrective splinting, taping, and casting. Surgery in clubfoot is indicated for deformities that do not respond to conservative treatment by serial manipulation and casting. Surgery in the treatment of clubfoot must be tailored to the age of the child and to the deformity to be corrected. The main goals of treatment is the painless, functional and anatomical normal foot without need for custom made footwear, and those can be achieved after detailed, indivudial approach with great experience in pediatric orthopedics.