Supra-annular mitral valve replacement in children.
The Annals of Thoracic Surgery(2011)
摘要
Background. Despite improved mitral repair techniques, some children need mitral valve replacement (MVR). Due to small annulus size, supra-annular MVR is useful. Methods. From 2003 to 2010, 15 children had 23 supra-annular MVRs. At first supra-annular MVR, median age was 6.5 months (28 days to 47 months); median weight was 5.4 kg (3.3-11.8 kg). Twelve (80%) had prior operations, 8 (53%) had previous mitral repair. Eight had congenital mitral anomalies (4 with Shone's), 5 had atrioventricular septal defects, 1 had endocarditis, and 1 had a repaired anomalous left coronary artery. All primary MVRs used mechanical valves (<= 17 mm in 9 patients). Results. There was one early death (93% survival) in an 11-month-old with congenital pulmonary vein stenosis. One intraoperative conversion from annular to supra-annular MVR developed heart block. Three pacemakers were implanted for supraventricular rhythm disturbances. Three children had valve thrombosis early postoperatively treated medically. On follow-up of 4.3 +/- 2.8 years, 8 had reoperation including redo MVR in 6 for pannus formation or thrombus (1 had three redo MVRs). At redo, a larger valve was used in 5 and a bioprosthetic valve in 4 patients. There was one late death after third redo MVR with pulmonary vein stenosis relief (overall survival 87%). Conclusions. Supra-annular MVR is useful for children with a small annulus. Operative survival is good with infrequent heart block. Complications are common, including redo MVR and need for left ventricular outflow tract obstruction relief. Pulmonary vein stenosis is a marker for poor outcome; all patients without pulmonary vein stenosis survive long term. (Ann Thorac Surg 2011;92:2221-9) (C) 2011 by The Society of Thoracic Surgeons
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