Therapeutic drug monitoring of vancomycin and meropenem: Illustration of the impact of inaccurate information in dose administration time

Objectives: To illustrate the impact of errors in documented dose administration time on therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM)-based target attainment evaluation for vancomycin and meropenem, and to explore the influence of drug and patient characteristics, and TDM sampling strategies. Methods: Bedside observations of errors in documented dose administration times were collected. Population pharmacokinetic simulations were performed for vancomycin and meropenem, evaluating different one- and two -sampling strategies for populations with estimated creatinine clearance (CLcr) of 30, 80 or 130 mL/min. The impact of errors was evaluated as the proportion of individuals incorrectly considered to have reached the target. Results: Of 143 observed dose administrations, 97% of doses were given within +/- 30 min of the documented time. For vancomycin, a + 30 min error was predicted to result in a 0.1-3.9 percentage point increase of cases incorrectly evaluated as reaching area under the concentration -time curve during a 24hour period (AUC24)/minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) > 400, with the largest increase for patients with augmented renal clearance and peak and trough sampling. For meropenem, a + 30 min error resulted in a 1.3-6.4 and 0-20 percentage point increase of cases incorrectly evaluated as reaching 100% T>MIC, and 50% T>MIC, respectively. Overall, mid -dose and trough sampling was most favourable for both antibiotics. Conclusions: For vancomycin, simulations indicate that TDM-based target attainment evaluation is robust with respect to the observed errors in dose administration time of +/- 30 min; however, the errors had a potentially clinically important impact in patients with augmented renal clearance. For meropenem, extra measures to promote correct documentation are warranted when using TDM, as the impact of errors was evident even in patients with normal renal function. (c) 2023 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an open access article under the CC BY license ( http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ )