Risk factors for adenomyosis in patients with symptomatic uterine leiomyomas.

Objective: The aim of the study was to evaluate the potential risk factors for adenomyosis in patients with symptomatic uterine leiomyomas. Material and methods: The medical charts and histopathology reports of 1499 women who underwent hysterectomy between 2003-2007 were retrospectively reviewed. The study group was composed of 135 patients with coexisting uterine leiomyoma and adenomyosis. The control group comprised 176 patients with uterine leiomyoma without adenomyosis. Results: Among 233 patients with adenomyosis 135 (57.9%) had associated uterine fibroids. Women who delivered twice or more were at increased risk for adenomyosis in relation to nulliparuos women: RR (95% CI) 2.44 (1.04-5.72), p=0.040. No relationship was found between adenomyosis and cesarean section rate, abortions, menorrhagia or dysmenorrhea. Conclusion: Results of our study indicate that multiparity is a risk factor for adenomyosis in women with symptomatic leiomyomas.