Low Calcium and High Fructose Diet Diminish the Quality of Circumferential Long-Bone Growth
Bioengineering Conference(2013)
Abstract
High fructose (HF) intake is a public health problem. However, little is known about effects on bone quality during growth. Greater data exists for low calcium (Ca2+). Low-Ca (0.02%) or normal calcium and calorie-equivalent glucose or fructose diets (43%) were fed to male, 3-wk-old, B6 mice for 6 wks (4 groups; n=9/group). Weight and long-bone lengths were not affected. Low-Ca diet resulted in less stiff and strong (~40%; p<;0.01) long bone and increased toughness (energy absorption) of long-bone mid-shaft, measured by 3-point bending; post-yield displacement was increased in low Ca by >65% (p<;0.05). By histomorphometry, low Ca resulted in decreased (>20%, p<;0.05) cortical width, partially explaining the bending results. Only the glucose-fed group exhibited compensation to maintain outside circumference and diameter by increased periosteal bone formation rate (p.BFR); 3-fold greater vs. each of the other 3 groups (p<;0.05). One plausible mechanism for poor circumferential growth involves bone in a feedback loop and is suggested by decreased intestinal Ca transport and Ca transporter protein in mucosa. The fructose diet completely prevented both adaptive increases in Ca transport, and 1α-hydroxylase-mediated synthesis of 1,25(OH)2D3 levels.
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Key words
bending,biomechanics,biomembrane transport,bone,calcium,enzymes,molecular biophysics,sugar,1α-hydroxylase-mediated synthesis,1,25(oh)2d3 level,3-point bending,ca,calcium transporter protein,calorie-equivalent glucose diets,circumferential growth,circumferential long-bone growth quality,cortical width,feedback loop,high fructose diet,histomorphometry,intestinal calcium transport,long-bone mid-shaft toughness,low calcium diet,mucosa,periosteal bone formation rate,post-yield displacement,ca2+,bone formation,fructose,mechanical properties of bone,ca2,biochemistry
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