Spectral–Spatial Classification of Hyperspectral Image Based on Low-Rank Decomposition

Spectral–spatial classification methods have been proven to be effective in hyperspectral image (HSI) classification. However, most of the methods make use of the correlation in a small neighborhood. In this paper, a novel low-rank decomposition spectral–spatial method (LRDSS) is proposed. LRDSS incorporates the global and local correlation where the global correlation is introduced by discovering the low-dimensional structure in the high-dimensional data, and local correlation is modeled by Markov Random Field (MRF). Specifically, all pixels’ spectrums in a homogeneous area are assumed to have low-dimensional structure. Low rankness is a fine property to characterize the low-dimensional structure and robust principal component analysis (RPCA) is used to extract the low-rank data. Then, the spectral information is obtained by the probabilistic support vector machine (SVM) classifier applied on the low-rank data. Moreover, the MRF models local correlation by encouraging neighboring pixels taking the same label. The maximum a posterior classification is computed by min-cut-based optimization algorithm. The experimental results suggest that LRDSS outperforms the other spectral–spatial classification methods investigated in this paper in terms of classification accuracies.