Computing Mutation Coverage in Interpolation-Based Model Checking

Coverage is a means to quantify the quality of a system specification, and is frequently applied to assess progress in system validation. Coverage is a standard measure in testing, but is very difficult to compute in the context of formal verification. We present efficient algorithms for identifying those parts of the system that are covered by a given property. Our algorithm is integrated into state-of-the-art Boolean satisfiability problem-based model checking using Craig interpolation. The key insight into our algorithm is the re-use of previously computed inductive invariants and counterexamples. This re-use permits a a rapid completion of the vast majority of tests, and enables the computation of a coverage measure with 96% accuracy with only $5\\times$ the runtime of the model checker.