Congenital HCMV and assisted reproduction: Why not use the chance for primary screening?

HCMV is the leading cause of congenital infection, with 0.5–0.9 % of infants affected in Europe, and primary maternal infection from the preconceptional phase to the first half of pregnancy bears the highest risk for long-term sequelae-like mental retardation, visual impairment, and progressive sensorineural hearing loss. As compared to couples conceiving spontaneously those under infertility treatment are well accessible to primary HCMV prevention. Since they face higher risk pregnancies this chance should be considered. The concept comprises serological screening for HCMV-IgG, including the partner where appropriate, defining individual risk factors, and counselling on hygiene at the initial assessment of infertility treatment. If seroconversion occurs, the subsequent treatment cycles should be postponed by 6 months. Uncertainties of diagnosis in early pregnancy which may lead to precautious elective termination can be prevented. A newborn at risk of congenital HCMV infection can be identified and scheduled for laboratory and paediatric evaluation within the first 2 weeks of life.