Activity Assay And Mechanism Study Of Bisphosphonates As Matrix Metalloproteinase Inhibitors

Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), a group of zinc-dependent metalloproteinases, are responsible for the hydrolytic breakdown of extracellular matrix. Aberrantly over expression of MMPs has been associated with much human pathology including cancer, arthritis, and heart disease etc. Therefore, the development of MMPs inhibitors to drugs has always been of great interest to scientific institutions. Bisphosphonates were reported to be a new kind of MMPs inhibitors with great potential. According to the 3-dimensional structure, 4 bisphosphonates are designed, synthesized and tested against several typical MMPs. The inhibitory activities toward MMP-2, MMP-3 and MMP-9 were tested in vitro using flourometric method. The results show micromolar-level activity and modest selectivity toward MMPs. Molecular docking study and fluorometic titration spectra were performed to reveal the recognition and inhibition mechanism between MMPs and bisphosphonates, and the binding mode between them was proposed.