Improved Production of ( R )-1-phenyl-1,2-ethanediol by a Codon-optimized R -specific Carbonyl Reductase from Candida parapsilosis in Escherichia coli

An R -specific carbonyl reductase from Candida parapsilosis (CprCR) catalyzes the transformation of ( R )-1-phenyl-1,2-ethanediol from 2-hydroxyacetophenone. The gene rcr coding CprCR contains a few codons rarely used by Escherichia coli . In order to improve chiral alcohol production, three codon variants Δ24, aRCR, and mRCR of CprCR were designed through truncation of 4–27 bp disorder sequence at the 5′-terminus or/and adaption of nine rare codons. The effects of codon optimization on enzyme activity, protein production, and biotransformation were studied. Among these three types, the disorder sequence-truncated and rare codon-adapted variant mRCR presents the highest enzyme activity. When compared with CprCR, mRCR showed an increase of 35.6% in the total activity of cell-free extracts. The specific activity of mRCR presented similar increase in the cell-free extract with purified protein, which suggested that the codon optimization caused positive effect on protein productivity of variant enzyme. When microbial cells concentration was 30% ( w / v ), the molar conversion yield and enantiomeric excess of the mRCR variant reached 86.4% and 93.6%, which were increased 36.5% and 15.8% than those of wild-type at a high substrate concentration of 5 g/L. The work will supply a new method for improving chiral alcohol preparation with codon engineered microorganisms.