马蹄形过水断面临界水深的直接计算法

Nongye Gongcheng Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering(2009)

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Abstract
马蹄形过水断面是无压隧洞较常采用的断面形式之一,水力计算中临界水深的求解无显函数公式,传统的试算法或查图法不仅计算过程繁琐复杂,而且计算精度不高.该文通过对马蹄形断面临界流方程的数学变换,并对本文引入的无量纲参数与相对临界水深的关系分析及数值计算,应用逐步优化拟合原理,得到标准I、Ⅱ型马蹄形断面临界水深的直接计算式.实例计算及误差分析表明:在工程实用范围内该公式最大相对误差仅为0.8%,且该式物理概念清晰明确、公式形式简捷,为工程设计及水工设计手册的编制提供有益的参考.
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Key words
Critical depth,Direct calculation method,Horseshoe section tunnel,Hydraulic calculation
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