Investigation on and preparation of the barium sodium niobate optical-waveguide films by pulsed laser deposition (PLD) technique

The preparation of barium-sodium-niobate optical-waveguide film with [100] orientation on the (100) surface of substrate KTiOPO4 by the PLD method was reported here. The measurement results from XRD, SEM, and XPS show that the as-grown barium sodium niobate film is of epitaxial single crystal type with smooth surface, and the measurement results on the optical-waveguide mode and the propagation loss show that the film has low optical loss.