Antinociceptive properties of FR140423 mediated through spinal δ-, but not μ- and κ-, opioid receptors

We investigated the antinociceptive effect of FR140423, 3-(difluoromethyl)-1-(4-methoxyphenyl)-5-[4-(methylsulfinyl)phenyl] pyrazole, in the tail-pinch test in mice, and evaluated the mechanism of action using various opioid receptor antagonists. P.o. and i.t. injection of FR140423 exerted dose-dependent antinociceptive activities with ED50 values of 21 mg/kg and 3.1 μg/mouse, respectively. However, i.c.v. injection of FR140423 did not show an antinociceptive effect. The antinociceptive effects of FR140423 were completely abolished by naloxone and naltrindole but not by naloxonazine, β-funaltrexamine and nor-binaltorphimine. FR140423 did not affect any opioid receptor binding in mouse spinal membranes at concentrations up to 100 μM in vitro. Naloxone-induced jumping and diarrhea tests for morphine-like physical dependence of FR140423 gave negative results. These results suggest that FR140423 can induce antinociception by acting on the spinal but not the supraspinal site, and that spinal δ-opioid systems indirectly play a role in the antinociception produced by FR140423 in mice.