The Production, Deceleration and Cooling of the Slow Antiproton Beam, and the Production and Control of the Positron Plasma

Antiprotons produced by a proton synchrotron are decelerated and cooled first to 5.3 MeV by stochastic cooling and electron cooling in the Antiproton Decelerator (AD) ring, then to 111 keV by a Radio Frequency Quadrupole Decelerator (RFQD). After the deceleration of the RFQD, antiprotons are degraded by thin PET foils and injected into the Multi-Ring electrode Trap(MRT). Electrons are preloaded in the MRT to cool the antiprotons to subelectron volt energy region. Ramping up the trapping potential slowly allows ultra-slow antiprotons of 10-500eV to be extracted from the strong magnetic field region. Positrons from 22Na are cooled by N2 gas or by electrons to form a cold positron plasma. A rotating electric field is used to radially compress the plasma.