Kinematical X-Ray Standing Waves For Crystal Structure Investigations

A theoretical and experimental investigation of x-ray standing wave formation in crystals under weak diffracted beam conditions is presented. The standing wave phase dependence is described using the kinematical approximation and is valid at large deviations from the Bragg angle for nonperfect crystals as well as for ideal crystals. This formalism was successfully applied to experimental data from perfect GaAs and CaF2/Si and from mosaic Cu3Au crystals. Based on these results, a novel method for kinematical x-ray standing wave analysis of nonperfect crystals is proposed.