Operational Definitions, Observation, and Behavioral Recording in Applied Behavior Analysis

Behavior observation is an integral component in the field of applied behavior analysis (ABA) when supporting individuals diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). In this chapter, we unpack the importance of selecting target behaviors, precisely defining target behaviors, and measuring target behaviors when designing behavior analytic assessment and intervention. We describe common strategies that are used to measure behavior including direct methods, derivative measures, and time sampling. Moreover, crucial elements of optimum behavior measurement including reliability, accuracy, and validity are delineated. Last, we describe strategies for calculating interobserver agreement (IOA), unpack differences, and highlight their importance when supporting individuals with ASD.