Nanomedicine-RNAi interface: Architypes in prostate cancer therapeutics

Prostate cancer (PCa) is the most frequent cancer among men throughout the world. The available conventional therapies such as androgen deprivation therapy and surgical interventions can indirectly promote the progression of hormone sensitive to resistant PCa and even metastatic and castration resistant PCa, thereby posing difficulties in the treatment of PCa. Interference RNA therapeutics could help in circumventing various pathways during PCa progression thereby minimizing chemo-resistance and metastasis. RNAi therapeutics block the expression of selective targets thereby arresting PCa progression. However, certain pitfalls associated with RNAi like rapid clearance by systemic nucleases, compromised cellular targeting, renal clearance, etc. Result in limited activity and pose hurdles towards clinical translation. Nanomedicine could help in circumventing the pitfalls associated with interference RNA therapeutics and advances the current therapy of PCa. In this article, we emphasize diverse molecular pathways and targets for PCa therapy, the existing gap between conventional and advanced RNAi therapeutics. Further, we discussed possible approaches to bridge the gaps in RNAi therapeutics by recruiting nanomedicine strategies in order to mitigate the unmet clinical needs of PCa. In addition, hurdles associated with clinical translation along with potential solutions to overcome such hurdles have been emphasized.