Abnormalities in tooth morphology, structure and dentition in two children with chromosome aberrations. Translocation trisomy 13 and trisomy 21.

Purpose: Dental malformations due to chromosomal trisomies are rarely described and need an intensive cooperation between pediatricians, orthodonticians and human geneticists to enable the collection of data and to extend the investigations on specific parameters of the teeth. Results: Here we present tooth studies of two children with trisomies 13 (Patau-syndrome) and 21 (Down-syndrome): the dentition, the tooth morphology and the structure as well as the composition were investigated over a period of six years. Both male patients showed a delayed and abnormal dentition. Morphologic and structural changes compared to the general population were also detectable; whereas, the composition of the teeth was unchanged in enamel, dentin, and the border between them. Conclusions: The abnormalities in all parameters investigated were more pronounced in the patient with Patau-syndrome than in the child with Down-syndrome.