Case-control study on effect factors of gestational diabetes mellitus.

Objective:To explore the effect factors of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM),provide a scientific basis for the prevention and treatment of GDM.Methods:A case-control study was conducted on 129 women with GDM and 129 healthy pregnant women from September 2007 to September 2008 by retrospective analysis method.Results:Univariate analysis showed that there was significant difference between case group and control group in maternal age,body mass index (BMI) before pregnancy,body weight in third trimester,educational background,getting up and sleeping time,eating habits before pregnancy,pregnant times,family history of diabetes mellitus and hypertension,hyperlipoidemia before pregnancy,sports time before pregnancy,the history of miscarriage.The risk factors of GDM included maternal age,BMI before pregnancy,family history of diabetes mellitus,unreasonable drinking and eating habits before pregnancy (P=0.000,OR=1.861,95%CI=1.795~1.932,P=0.000,OR=2.750,95%CI=1.660~2.852,P=0.000,OR=8.690,95%CI=3.588~21.046,P=0.000,OR=1.615,95%CI=1.503~3.750);the protective factor was educational background (P=0.002,OR=0.910,95%CI=0.259~0.898) .Conclusion:Maternal age,BMI before pregnancy,family history of diabetes mellitus,unreasonable drinking and eating habits before pregnancy are risk factors of GDM,while educational background is a protective factor of GDM.