Influence of different anaesthetics on extracellular aminoacids in rat brain

We used different anaesthetic procedures to study the possible effects of anaesthesia on extracellular aminoacid concentration in rat brain. Glutamate, aspartate and glycine concentrations were determined by HPLC in samples collected from the right fronto-parietal region of the rat brain cortex by transcerebral microdialysis before and up to 2 h following anaesthesia induction. Anaesthesia induced by ketamine, alone or in association with xylazine, caused a significant decrease in the levels of glutamate, aspartate and glycine, compared to before anaesthesia values (range: 27–72% according to the time of sampling and to the anaesthetic used). Inhalation anaesthesia with halothane (3%) in N2O/O2 mixture produced no significant effects on aminoacid levels. Equitensine (pentobarbital in association with chloral hydrate and ethanol) and pentobarbital also had no significant effect on glutamate, aspartate and glycine levels during anaesthesia. This demonstrates that some anaesthetics alter excitatory aminoacid release and suggests that Equitensine may represent an easy and reliable method to induce a long lasting anaesthesia associated without changes in excitatory aminoacid extracellular concentration.