Effect of nitrogen fertilization on maize yield and nitrogen efficiency of different maize varieties: Effect of nitrogen fertilization on maize yield and nitrogen efficiency of different maize varieties
Chinese Journal of Eco-Agriculture(2012)
Abstract
Efficient use of nitrogen(N) fertilizer is essential for increased economic returns of maize and minimum potential nega-tive effects of N on water and soil.Efforts at improving yield potential have focused on maize varieties with high N use efficiency(NUE).The effects of N fertilizer on yield and NUE were determined in a conducted field experiment in Xuchang County of Henan Province,China.A total of about 15 common maize varieties in China were used under 3 N doses(0 kg·hm 2,120 kg·hm 2 and 240 kg·hm 2).The results showed that "Zhengdan958","32D22","Huayu14","Yufeng335","Xindan29","Zhongke11" and "Luodan9" had the highest grain yield at 120 kg·hm 2 N dose.Also "Xianyu335","Xundan18","Liyu13","Xundan20","Nongda108","NE8","Yuhe988" and "Luoyu4" had the highest yield at 240 kg·hm 2 N treatment.Based on yield difference,15 maize varieties were classified as high-yield varieties,medium-yield varieties and low-yield varieties.At the three N doses,"Liyu13" was identified as a high-yield variety,"Xianyu335" as a medium-yield variety,and "Yufeng335" and "Yuhe988" as low-yield varieties.Based on nitrogen efficiency(NE),15 maize varieties were classified into 4 NE grades under medium and high nitrogen treatments."Zhengdan958","Xundan20","Liyu13","Xundan18" and "Luodan9" were classified as double high-efficient type;and "Nongda108","NE8","Yuhe988","Yufeng335" and "Luoyu4" as double low-efficient type.Cluster analysis on yield and N efficiency showed that "Liyu13" and "Xundan20" were high-yield and high-NE varieties under medium and high N application dose;"Zhengdan958" and "Luodan9" were high-yield and high-NE varieties under medium N application dose;"Yufeng335","Yuhe988","NE8" and "Luoyu4" were low-yield and low-NE varieties under both medium and high N application doses;"Nongda108" was low-yield and low-NE variety under high N application dose.Correlation analysis for grain yield and N content showed that N uptake efficiency little influenced yield.While NUE inhibited straw N accumulation,it synergized N harvest index.Path analysis indicated that yield was determined mainly by NUE and that for all the treatments,N uptake efficiency little influenced yield.NUE and grain N uptake significantly in-fluenced yield under low N conditions,but it was true form NUE under high N conditions.
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Key words
maize yield,nitrogen fertilization,different maize varieties,nitrogen efficiency
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