Pancreatic lipase-inhibiting triterpenoid saponins from Gypsophila oldhamiana.

Three new triterpenoid saponins, gypsosaponins A-C (1-3), were isolated from the roots of Gypsophila oldhamiana (Caryophyllaceae). Their structures were established as 3-O-beta-D-galactopyranosyl-(1 -> 2)-1 beta-D-xylopyranosyl-(1 -> 3)]-beta-D-glucuronopyranosyl quillaic acid 28-O-alpha-L-arabinopyranosyl-(1 -> 2)-alpha-L-arabinopyranosyl-(1 -> 3)-beta-D-xylopyranosyl-(1 -> 4)-alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1 -> 2)-beta-L-fucopyranoside (1), 3-O-beta-D-galactopyranosyl-(1 -> 2)-[beta-D-xylopyranosyl-(1 -> 3)]-methyl-beta-D-glucuronopyranosyl gypsogenin 28-O-beta-D-glucopyranosyl(1 -> 3)-beta-D-xylopyranosyl-(1 -> 4)]-alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1 -> 2)-beta-D-fucopyranoside (2), and 28-O-beta-D-glucopyranosyl gypsogenic acid 28-O-beta-D-glucopyranosyl-(1 -> 3)-1 beta-D-glucopyranosyl-(1 -> 6)]-beta-D-glucopyranoside (3), on the basis of various spectroscopic analyses and chemical degradations. The biological activities of 1-3 were examined inhibitory activity against pancreatic lipase, which showed inhibition of 58.2%, 99.2% and 50.3% at concentration of 1 mg/ml, respectively.